The National Capital Regionof Delhi spreads acrross an area of 1,483 km², of which 783 km² is designated rural, and the remaining 700 km² as urban. The city has a maximum width of 48.48 km and maximum length 51.9 km. There are 3 local bodies (statutory towns) in Delhi, viz.
- Municipal Corporation of Delhi (area is 1,397.3 km²)
- New Delhi Municipal Committee (42.7 km²)
- Delhi Cantonment Board (43 km²)
The Great Gangetic Plains cover most regions of Delhi. The city is located at 28°61′N, 77°23′E, and lies in northern part of India. It has its borders with the Indian states of Uttar Pradesh on East and Haryana on West, North and South. The city lies almost completely in the Gangetic plains.
Two major features of the geography of Delhi are the Delhi ridge and the Yamuna flood plain. The low-lying flood plains of the river Yamuna provide fertile alluvial soil, which is ideal for agriculture. These plains, though, are prone to recurrent floods. Reaching up to a height of 318 m (1043 ft), the ridge presents as the most important feature in this region. The ridge originates from the Aravalli range in the south and encircles the west, northeast and northwestern parts of Delhi. The only important river flowing through Delhi - Yamuna is considered as a sacred river among Hindus. Most parts of the city, including New Delhi, lies to the western side of river. East side of the river lies the urban area of Shahdara. Delhi falls under seismic zone-IV, which makes it prone to major earthquakes.
Delhi has a semi-arid climate with great variation between winter and summer temperatures. Summers are usually long, from month of April to October, with the monsoon season in between. Winter comes in October and peaks in January and is famous for its heavy fog. Extreme temperatures lies in range of −0.6 °C to 47 °C, with annual mean temperature as 25 °C and the monthly mean temperatures ranging from 14 °C to 33 °C.
The approximate annual rainfall is 714 mm, the most of which is during the monsoon months of July and August. 29 june is considered as the average date of the advent of monsoon winds in Delhi.
